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In his lifetime, Louis Sullivan designed many buildings. Of his designs, 238 were built. As of Friday, January 6, only 39 still stood -- and one of them, Kehilath Anshe Ma' ariv Synagogue (Later Pilgrim Baptist Church) burned on that same day. The interior and unique roof was totally lost, and the limestone exterior walls are left unstable. The historic synagogue was one of the most formative designs in the collaboration of Dankmar Adler and Sullivan, demonstrating Adler's deft structural mind and the maturation of Sullivan's patterns of ornament. The loss is overwhelming and tragic, especially in light of both the squandering of Sullivan's works and the the south side of Chicago in general in the last fifty years. Preservationists, politicians, church members and neighborhood residents are now contemplating what to do with the burned building. The options seem to be: a.) A total rebuilding of the church according to Adler & Sullivan's original plans. If the walls need to be rebuilt, this will cost tens of millions of dollars, and the results may be underwhelming. In 2006, we have lost some of the building techinques and materials that Adler and Sullivan had at their disposal in 1891. (This fact should make all of us pause to think about the viability of our society.) As the renowned architect Wilbert Hasbrouck says in the article, a full rebuilding would not recreate the building but instead leave the world with a replica in lesser materials. b.) Rebuilding the structure and exterior of the church but creating a modern space inside. c.) Rebuilding the structure and exterior of the church and creating a somewhat "Sullivanesque" space inside that would not be a replica but would attempt to convey some sense of how the interior originally appeared. d.) Stabilizing the ruins and leaving them stand as they have been left by the fire. This is what Gary, Indiana has contemplated doing with the City Methodist Church, a massive 1925 Gothic structure struck by a devastating 1997 fire. No one has mentioned this possibility in the press yet, but it bears consideration. e.) Total demolition with salvage of some elements. I don't think that anyone wants this to happen -- even Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich is interested in helping preserve the building, although the City of Chicago is taking a typically noncomittal approach. Whatever happens will be interesting to watch. While the fire is tragic, I share some of the optimism that architect John Vinci expressed in a Chicago Tribune article published after the fire. This is likely the only chance most people will have to see an Adler and Sullivan building completely rebuilt in some manner. I wonder what Richard Nickel, that dogged and devoted purist, would think. ~ Michael R. Allen
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